It’s a very common sports injury, especially in those that include sudden stops, direction changes, and jumping. A tear or sprain in the ACL is one of the most common knee injuries. Each of these ligaments connect the femur with the tibia. The cruciate ligaments - anterior (front) and posterior (back) - are deep within the knee and cross to form an "X". The knee joint is held together and stabilized by two types of ligaments. Surgery, though, may be necessary for severe cases. Physical therapy is often helpful and so are orthotics. However, if the pain persists or it becomes increasingly difficult to move your knee, it’s time to consult your doctor. NSAIDs can reduce pain and swelling in most people. Changing or stopping your exercise schedule or regimen until the pain and sounds stop will give your knee an opportunity to heal. The RICE protocol can provide relief for many people. Popping or crackling sounds when ascending or descending stairs or changing from a sitting to a standing position are commonly associated with this syndrome.
And, unfortunately, some knee surgeries, while solving the original problem - like a torn ACL - can result in some degree of PFPS. In addition, muscle weakness or imbalances around the knee or hip fail to keep the knee properly aligned, causing PFPS. Fractured or dislocated kneecaps can result in PFPS as well. Sudden changes in physical activity, such as increasing the number of days you exercise or increasing the distance you run or jog, can cause PFPS as can changes in playing surfaces, footwear, equipment, or training techniques. Sports that involve large amounts of running and jumping can place repetitive stress on the patella, causing significant irritation. Sometimes called "runner’s knee" or "jumper’s knee", PFPS is another of the most common causes of knee pain and knee clicking. These may include cortisone or lubrication injections, knee alignment surgery, or knee joint replacement. However, more serious interventions may be necessary in order to alleviate severe or debilitating pain. Physical and occupational therapy, acupuncture, and stretching regimens such as yoga and tai chi also can help. Hot or cold compresses, knee taping, knee braces, and shoe inserts often provide relief for some people. Over-the-counter analgesics, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs), can help to combat pain. Maintaining a proper weight and staying active can slow the progression of osteoarthritis. You may hear a grating or creaking sound as you move your knee. The slick knee cartilage becomes rougher with age and may even wear down completely, resulting in bone rubbing on bone. And osteoarthritis, or degenerative arthritis, is the most common form of arthritis to affect the knee joint.
The aging process is accompanied by changes in your body’s cartilage - it becomes thinner, making it more difficult for joints to work their best. Left untreated, some meniscus tears can lead to decreased range of knee motion, persistent pain, and an increased risk of developing osteoarthritis. However, if the pain or swelling persists or if you have trouble moving your knee, it’s best to consult your doctor. Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation - known as the RICE protocol is often effective.
If the tear is small and is on the outer edge of the meniscus, and your knee remains stable and pain-free, you may not require surgical intervention. Pain, stiffness and swelling also may follow along with difficulty straightening your leg. A popping sound may occur when you tear a meniscus. The risk of a meniscus tear increases with age as, over time, meniscal cartilage deteriorates and weakens. Sudden stops and turns or heavy lifting also can result in a meniscus injury.
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Sudden, forceful twisting of the knee, especially when putting your full weight on it, can cause a meniscus tear.
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However, you don’t have to be a professional basketball, football, or tennis player to experience such a tear. Meniscus tears are a common knee injury, particularly among athletes. Three bones form this hinge-type joint - the femur (thighbone), the tibia (shinbone), and the patella (kneecap) - and the menisci act as shock absorbers between the femur and tibia. Two thick, tough, rubbery, wedge-shaped pads of cartilage called menisci cushion each knee joint.
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